[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"sanity-T25YiBFuHSamWaCJKg_BJlwDTFhJqELLrguXXRA-HTU":3,"sanity-FBsaiYD0yf6mPCGrCFJlNLElCR3Nk9avnmNbXkX5etw":335},{"data":4,"sourceMap":-1},{"latestPodcast":5,"latestReleases":14,"post":39,"recent":310},[6],{"_id":7,"publishedAt":8,"slug":9,"sponsored":12,"title":13},"f83eb5f0-1237-487f-84d8-f7abf2318c39","2026-06-25T07:40:00.000Z",{"_type":10,"current":11},"slug","code-isnt-causing-your-production-failures",null,"Code isn’t the only thing causing your production failures",[15,21,27,33],{"_id":16,"publishedAt":17,"slug":18,"title":20},"eb5b66eb-9410-4329-83bb-22bbff39402a","2026-04-28T13:00:00.000Z",{"_type":10,"current":19},"turn-scattered-knowledge-into-trusted-intelligence","Turning scattered knowledge into trusted intelligence: Stack Internal 2026.3",{"_id":22,"publishedAt":23,"slug":24,"title":26},"369c2401-b62e-4a37-8ff8-bf603023ecad","2026-03-02T15:03:00.988Z",{"_type":10,"current":25},"what-s-new-at-stack-overflow-march-2026","What’s new at Stack Overflow: March 2026",{"_id":28,"publishedAt":29,"slug":30,"title":32},"5e9053a4-07ea-447c-91ea-29e0b6228537","2026-02-02T15:00:00.000Z",{"_type":10,"current":31},"what-s-new-at-stack-overflow-february-2026","What’s new at Stack Overflow: February 2026",{"_id":34,"publishedAt":35,"slug":36,"title":38},"a1b538eb-a8a6-46d0-80a1-ac70ec9bb935","2026-01-05T10:00:00.000-05:00",{"_type":10,"current":37},"what-s-new-at-stack-overflow-january-2026","What’s new at Stack Overflow: January 2026",{"_createdAt":40,"_id":41,"_rev":42,"_type":43,"_updatedAt":44,"author":45,"body":59,"comments":286,"dateUrl":287,"excerpt":288,"legacyBody":289,"product":12,"publishedAt":292,"slug":293,"sponsored":12,"tags":295,"title":309,"visible":286},"2023-05-25T09:37:00Z","wp-post-3906","dgl3SCUzppW3U2LvCoSAPk","blogPost","2023-07-13T14:54:36Z",[46],{"_createdAt":47,"_id":48,"_rev":49,"_type":50,"_updatedAt":51,"avatar":52,"employee":54,"name":55,"role":56,"slug":57},"2023-05-23T16:27:18Z","wp-author-154","dgl3SCUzppW3U2LvConCK4","blogAuthor","2023-08-29T11:49:19Z",{"_type":53},"image","former","Joel Spolsky","Co-founder",{"current":58},"spolsky",[60,171,176,189,205,235,243,247],{"_key":61,"_type":62,"children":63,"markDefs":156,"style":170},"d318ab18a0bd","block",[64,69,74,78,82,86,90,94,98,102,107,111,116,120,125,129,134,138,143,147,152],{"_key":65,"_type":66,"marks":67,"text":68},"d318ab18a0bd0","span",[],"First, some background. I grew up in Albuquerque, New Mexico... OK, wait a minute, you don't need that much background. In the beginning there was Stack Overflow. When we set up Stack Overflow, we knew people would use it to ask questions about lots and lots of different programming topics. Instead of the traditional approach, where you have a thousand different groups and sub-groups on every topic imaginable (like Usenet (comp.lang.vb.syntax.parens.unmatched, anyone?), the Stack Overflow approach was to use more free-form tags. Theoretically, tags would let you ask a question that happened to be about, say, Windows ",{"_key":70,"_type":66,"marks":71,"text":73},"d318ab18a0bd1",[72],"em","and",{"_key":75,"_type":66,"marks":76,"text":77},"d318ab18a0bd2",[]," C# without having to decide which group to put it in. And my hope was that tags would eliminate the endless meta-discussions by dewey-decimal-mavens about whether your question was more appropriate ",{"_key":79,"_type":66,"marks":80,"text":81},"d318ab18a0bd3",[72],"here",{"_key":83,"_type":66,"marks":84,"text":85},"d318ab18a0bd4",[]," or ",{"_key":87,"_type":66,"marks":88,"text":89},"d318ab18a0bd5",[72],"there",{"_key":91,"_type":66,"marks":92,"text":93},"d318ab18a0bd6",[],". To be honest my hope was that the tags would keep meta-conversation to a minimum. Instead of arguing about whether Bourne Shell programming is really programming, the Obsessive Taxonimists (alt.taxonomy.obsessive.judean.people's-front.popular) could just tag the question \"bourne-shell\" and leave the rest of us to ask and answer questions happily. It worked, kinda. Stack Overflow is a big ol' heaping mess of beautiful programming questions that are simultaneously organized and unorganized, and we're happy about the way that the site brings together programmers into one big happy community. That is, as long as they stay STRICTLY ON TOPIC. So. Where do Linux questions go? If it's a Linux ",{"_key":95,"_type":66,"marks":96,"text":97},"d318ab18a0bd7",[72],"programming",{"_key":99,"_type":66,"marks":100,"text":101},"d318ab18a0bd8",[]," question, Stack Overflow is fine. If it's not, we made Server Fault. But Server Fault was supposed to be for system administrators. So if you were a home user with a non-programming Linux question, you were supposed to ask on Super User. We now have Linux questions all over the place: 10,000 on ",{"_key":103,"_type":66,"marks":104,"text":106},"d318ab18a0bd9",[105],"fac9ee4f7694","Stack Overflow",{"_key":108,"_type":66,"marks":109,"text":110},"d318ab18a0bd10",[],", 5800 on ",{"_key":112,"_type":66,"marks":113,"text":115},"d318ab18a0bd11",[114],"74227139262e","Server Fault",{"_key":117,"_type":66,"marks":118,"text":119},"d318ab18a0bd12",[],", and 4800 on ",{"_key":121,"_type":66,"marks":122,"text":124},"d318ab18a0bd13",[123],"62f6f0e6e80a","Super User",{"_key":126,"_type":66,"marks":127,"text":128},"d318ab18a0bd14",[],". When we opened up the process to allow the community to design their own sites, we got a whole heap of proposals. The ",{"_key":130,"_type":66,"marks":131,"text":133},"d318ab18a0bd15",[132],"c9081c400ba4","Ubuntu",{"_key":135,"_type":66,"marks":136,"text":137},"d318ab18a0bd16",[]," proposal had a lot of support. So did a more universalist ",{"_key":139,"_type":66,"marks":140,"text":142},"d318ab18a0bd17",[141],"8371f3a672c1","Unix/Linux proposal",{"_key":144,"_type":66,"marks":145,"text":146},"d318ab18a0bd18",[],". Both got created. On August 20th Jeff proposed merging the two sites, and put that up to a ",{"_key":148,"_type":66,"marks":149,"text":151},"d318ab18a0bd19",[150],"bf73b12716d7","vote",{"_key":153,"_type":66,"marks":154,"text":155},"d318ab18a0bd20",[],". The official results:",[157,160,162,164,166,168],{"_key":105,"_type":158,"href":159,"reference":12},"link","http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/linux",{"_key":114,"_type":158,"href":161,"reference":12},"http://serverfault.com/questions/tagged/linux",{"_key":123,"_type":158,"href":163,"reference":12},"http://superuser.com/questions/tagged/linux",{"_key":132,"_type":158,"href":165,"reference":12},"http://ubuntu.stackexchange.com/",{"_key":141,"_type":158,"href":167,"reference":12},"http://unix.stackexchange.com/",{"_key":150,"_type":158,"href":169,"reference":12},"http://blog.stackoverflow.com/2010/08/should-unix-linux-and-ubuntu-be-merged-vote/","normal",{"_key":172,"_type":53,"alt":12,"asset":173,"markDefs":12},"8744f6eb31ef",{"_ref":174,"_type":175},"image-da52b7c5fedb288ddf3ab81c711df0aded1d5dd0-442x138-png","reference",{"_key":177,"_type":62,"children":178,"markDefs":188,"style":170},"aa4d90ad0ad4",[179,184],{"_key":180,"_type":66,"marks":181,"text":183},"aa4d90ad0ad40",[182],"strong","MERGE?",{"_key":185,"_type":66,"marks":186,"text":187},"aa4d90ad0ad41",[]," (Unix users) 89 Yes / 34 No (Ubuntu users) 72 Yes / 114 No Conclusion? There isn't a majority on both sides to merge. The Unix world loves to take sides. I don't have to blog about this; Freud already did, in 1930. He called it \"the narcissism of minor differences\":",[],{"_key":190,"_type":62,"children":191,"markDefs":201,"style":204},"9bf250733c04",[192,196],{"_key":193,"_type":66,"marks":194,"text":195},"9bf250733c040",[],"It is clearly not easy for man to give up the satisfaction of this inclination to aggression. They do not feel comfortable without it. The advantage which a comparatively small cultural group offers of allowing this instinct an outlet in the form of hostility against intruders is not to be despised. It is always possible to bind together a considerable number of people in love, so long as there are other people left over to receive the manifestations of their aggressiveness. I once discussed the phenomenon that is precisely communities with adjoining territories, and related to each other in other ways as well, who are engaged in constant feuds and in ridiculing each other -- like the Spaniards and Portuguese, for instance, the North Germans and South Germans, the English and Scotch, and so on. I gave this phenomenon the name of \"the narcissism of minor differences\", a name which does not do much to explain it. We can now see that it is a convenient and relatively harmless satisfaction of the inclination to aggression, by means of which cohesion between the members of the community is made easier. ",{"_key":197,"_type":66,"marks":198,"text":200},"9bf250733c041",[199],"767395aba834","—Civilization and its Discontents",[202],{"_key":199,"_type":158,"href":203,"reference":12},"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization_and_Its_Discontents","blockquote",{"_key":206,"_type":62,"children":207,"markDefs":230,"style":170},"001c46a8aa2e",[208,212,217,221,226],{"_key":209,"_type":66,"marks":210,"text":211},"001c46a8aa2e0",[],"Monty Python might have put it better in ",{"_key":213,"_type":66,"marks":214,"text":216},"001c46a8aa2e1",[215],"b62f1fe50cad","this scene (YouTube)",{"_key":218,"_type":66,"marks":219,"text":220},"001c46a8aa2e2",[]," from ",{"_key":222,"_type":66,"marks":223,"text":225},"001c46a8aa2e3",[224],"146c3b267425","The Life of Brian",{"_key":227,"_type":66,"marks":228,"text":229},"001c46a8aa2e4",[],":",[231,233],{"_key":215,"_type":158,"href":232,"reference":12},"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gb_qHP7VaZE",{"_key":224,"_type":158,"href":234,"reference":12},"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0079470/",{"_key":236,"_type":62,"children":237,"markDefs":242,"style":204},"36ffb17e534f",[238],{"_key":239,"_type":66,"marks":240,"text":241},"36ffb17e534f0",[],"BRIAN Are you the Judean People's Front? REG F*** off. BRIAN What? REG Judean People's Front. We're the People's Front of Judea. Judean People's front, caw. FRANCIS Wankers. BRIAN Can I join your group? REG No. Piss off. BRIAN I didn't want to sell this stuff. It's only a job. I hate the Romans as much as anybody. PEOPLE'S FRONT OF JUDEA Sssh. Ssssh, sssh, sssh, ssssh JUDITH Are you sure? BRIAN Oh. Dead sure... I hate the Romans already. REG Listen. If you really wanted to join the PFJ, you'd have to really hate the Romans. BRIAN I do. REG Oh yeah? How much? BRIAN A lot! REG Right. You're in. Listen. The only people we hate more than the Romans are the f***ing Judean People's Front. PEOPLE'S FRONT OF JUDEA Yeah! JUDITH Splitters. FRANCIS And the Judean Popular People's Front. PEOPLE'S FRONT OF JUDEA Oh yeah. Splitters. LORETTA And the People's Front of Judea. PEOPLE'S FRONT OF JUDEA Splitters. LORETTA The People's Front of Judea. Splitters. REG We're the People's Front of Judea. LORETTA Oh. I thought we were the Popular Front. REG People's Front. FRANCIS Whatever happened to the Popular Front, Reg? REG He's over there.",[],{"_key":244,"_type":53,"alt":12,"asset":245,"markDefs":12},"6e29bb360aa3",{"_ref":246,"_type":175},"image-2b86de4b0f2a8a3728a36cea0e438c134415f668-435x244-jpg",{"_key":248,"_type":62,"children":249,"markDefs":280,"style":170},"c0f015c4e804",[250,254,259,263,267,271,276],{"_key":251,"_type":66,"marks":252,"text":253},"c0f015c4e8040",[],"So, Ubuntu, Linux, I get it, it's clearly not the same thing. If you love Ubuntu, we have ",{"_key":255,"_type":66,"marks":256,"text":258},"c0f015c4e8041",[257],"57f9e43e837b","a site for you",{"_key":260,"_type":66,"marks":261,"text":262},"c0f015c4e8042",[],". If you love Linux and Unix, we have ",{"_key":264,"_type":66,"marks":265,"text":258},"c0f015c4e8043",[266],"c9a1a3dbfb0e",{"_key":268,"_type":66,"marks":269,"text":270},"c0f015c4e8044",[],". (If you're looking for work in Linux, we have a ",{"_key":272,"_type":66,"marks":273,"text":275},"c0f015c4e8045",[274],"e4a289038d92","Linux Jobs site for you, too",{"_key":277,"_type":66,"marks":278,"text":279},"c0f015c4e8046",[],"). A Stack Exchange can't work without a community that loves a subject, and love is very... specific. Fighting human nature is hard: the factionalism and fork-happiness of the Unix world has been a hallmark of that community ever since BSD vs. System V, and Stack Exchange can no more bridge that gap than we can unite the Judean resistance.",[281,283,284],{"_key":257,"_type":158,"href":282,"reference":12},"http://ubuntu.stackexchange.com",{"_key":266,"_type":158,"href":167,"reference":12},{"_key":274,"_type":158,"href":285,"reference":12},"https://stackoverflow.com/jobs/developer-jobs-using-linux?utm_source=so-owned&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=dev-c4al&utm_content=c4al-link",true,"2010/09/02","",{"code":290,"language":291},"First, some background. I grew up in Albuquerque, New Mexico... OK, wait a minute, you don't need that much background.\n\nIn the beginning there was Stack Overflow. When we set up Stack Overflow, we knew people would use it to ask questions about lots and lots of different programming topics. Instead of the traditional approach, where you have a thousand different groups and sub-groups on every topic imaginable (like Usenet (comp.lang.vb.syntax.parens.unmatched, anyone?), the Stack Overflow approach was to use more free-form tags. Theoretically, tags would let you ask a question that happened to be about, say, Windows \u003Cem>and\u003C/em> C# without having to decide which group to put it in. And my hope was that tags would eliminate the endless meta-discussions by dewey-decimal-mavens about whether your question was more appropriate \u003Cem>here\u003C/em> or \u003Cem>there\u003C/em>.\n\nTo be honest my hope was that the tags would keep meta-conversation to a minimum. Instead of arguing about whether Bourne Shell programming is really programming, the Obsessive Taxonimists (alt.taxonomy.obsessive.judean.people's-front.popular) could just tag the question \"bourne-shell\" and leave the rest of us to ask and answer questions happily.\n\nIt worked, kinda. Stack Overflow is a big ol' heaping mess of beautiful programming questions that are simultaneously organized and unorganized, and we're happy about the way that the site brings together programmers into one big happy community. That is, as long as they stay STRICTLY ON TOPIC.\n\nSo. Where do Linux questions go? If it's a Linux \u003Cem>programming\u003C/em> question, Stack Overflow is fine. If it's not, we made Server Fault. But Server Fault was supposed to be for system administrators. So if you were a home user with a non-programming Linux question, you were supposed to ask on Super User. We now have Linux questions all over the place: 10,000 on \u003Ca href=\"http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/linux\">Stack Overflow\u003C/a>, 5800 on \u003Ca href=\"http://serverfault.com/questions/tagged/linux\">Server Fault\u003C/a>, and 4800 on \u003Ca href=\"http://superuser.com/questions/tagged/linux\">Super User\u003C/a>.\n\nWhen we opened up the process to allow the community to design their own sites, we got a whole heap of proposals. The \u003Ca href=\"http://ubuntu.stackexchange.com/\">Ubuntu\u003C/a> proposal had a lot of support. So did a more universalist \u003Ca href=\"http://unix.stackexchange.com/\">Unix/Linux proposal\u003C/a>. Both got created. On August 20th Jeff proposed merging the two sites, and put that up to a \u003Ca href=\"http://blog.stackoverflow.com/2010/08/should-unix-linux-and-ubuntu-be-merged-vote/\">vote\u003C/a>. The official results:\n\n\u003Cimg src=\"http://stackoverflow.blog/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ubuntu-vs-unix-graph.png\" alt=\"\" />\n\n\u003Cstrong>MERGE?\u003C/strong>\n(Unix users) 89 Yes / 34 No\n(Ubuntu users) 72 Yes / 114 No\n\nConclusion? There isn't a majority on both sides to merge. The Unix world loves to take sides. I don't have to blog about this; Freud already did, in 1930. He called it \"the narcissism of minor differences\":\n\n\u003Cblockquote>It is clearly not easy for man to give up the satisfaction of this inclination to aggression. They do not feel comfortable without it. The advantage which a comparatively small cultural group offers of allowing this instinct an outlet in the form of hostility against intruders is not to be despised. It is always possible to bind together a considerable number of people in love, so long as there are other people left over to receive the manifestations of their aggressiveness. I once discussed the phenomenon that is precisely communities with adjoining territories, and related to each other in other ways as well, who are engaged in constant feuds and in ridiculing each other -- like the Spaniards and Portuguese, for instance, the North Germans and South Germans, the English and Scotch, and so on. I gave this phenomenon the name of \"the narcissism of minor differences\", a name which does not do much to explain it. We can now see that it is a convenient and relatively harmless satisfaction of the inclination to aggression, by means of which cohesion between the members of the community is made easier.\n\n\u003Ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization_and_Its_Discontents\">—Civilization and its Discontents\u003C/a>\u003C/blockquote>\n\nMonty Python might have put it better in \u003Ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gb_qHP7VaZE\">this scene (YouTube)\u003C/a> from \u003Ca href=\"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0079470/\">The Life of Brian\u003C/a>:\n\n\u003Cblockquote>\u003Ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gb_qHP7VaZE\">\u003Cimg src=\"http://stackoverflow.blog/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/RlbLC.jpg\" alt=\"\" />\u003C/a>\n\nBRIAN\n\nAre you the Judean People's Front?\n\nREG\n\nF*** off.\n\nBRIAN\n\nWhat?\n\nREG\n\nJudean People's Front. We're the People's Front of Judea. Judean People's front, caw.\n\nFRANCIS\n\nWankers.\n\nBRIAN\n\nCan I join your group?\n\nREG\n\nNo. Piss off.\n\nBRIAN\n\nI didn't want to sell this stuff. It's only a job. I hate the Romans\nas much as anybody.\n\nPEOPLE'S FRONT OF JUDEA\n\nSssh. Ssssh, sssh, sssh, ssssh\n\nJUDITH\n\nAre you sure?\n\nBRIAN\n\nOh. Dead sure... I hate the Romans already.\n\nREG\n\nListen. If you really wanted to join the PFJ, you'd have to really hate the Romans.\n\nBRIAN\n\nI do.\n\nREG\n\nOh yeah? How much?\n\nBRIAN\n\nA lot!\n\nREG\n\nRight. You're in. Listen. The only people we hate more than the Romans are the f***ing Judean People's Front.\n\nPEOPLE'S FRONT OF JUDEA\n\nYeah!\n\nJUDITH\n\nSplitters.\n\nFRANCIS\n\nAnd the Judean Popular People's Front.\n\nPEOPLE'S FRONT OF JUDEA\n\nOh yeah. Splitters.\n\nLORETTA\n\nAnd the People's Front of Judea.\n\nPEOPLE'S FRONT OF JUDEA\n\nSplitters.\n\nLORETTA\n\nThe People's Front of Judea. Splitters.\n\nREG\n\nWe're the People's Front of Judea.\n\nLORETTA\n\nOh. I thought we were the Popular Front.\n\nREG\n\nPeople's Front.\n\nFRANCIS\n\nWhatever happened to the Popular Front, Reg?\n\nREG\n\nHe's over there.\u003C/blockquote>\n\nSo, Ubuntu, Linux, I get it, it's clearly not the same thing. If you love Ubuntu, we have \u003Ca href=\"http://ubuntu.stackexchange.com\">a site for you\u003C/a>. If you love Linux and Unix, we have \u003Ca href=\"http://unix.stackexchange.com/\">a site for you\u003C/a>. (If you're looking for work in Linux, we have a \u003Ca href=\"https://stackoverflow.com/jobs/developer-jobs-using-linux?utm_source=so-owned&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=dev-c4al&utm_content=c4al-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Linux Jobs site for you, too\u003C/a>). A Stack Exchange can't work without a community that loves a subject, and love is very... specific. Fighting human nature is hard: the factionalism and fork-happiness of the Unix world has been a hallmark of that community ever since BSD vs. System V, and Stack Exchange can no more bridge that gap than we can unite the Judean resistance.","html","2010-09-02T12:00:00.000Z",{"current":294},"fork-it",[296,304],{"_createdAt":297,"_id":298,"_rev":299,"_type":300,"_updatedAt":297,"slug":301,"title":303},"2023-05-23T16:43:21Z","wp-tagcat-company","9HpbCsT2tq0xwozQfkc4ih","blogTag",{"current":302},"company","Company",{"_createdAt":297,"_id":305,"_rev":299,"_type":300,"_updatedAt":297,"slug":306,"title":308},"wp-tagcat-stackexchange",{"current":307},"stackexchange","Stackexchange","Fork it!",[311,317,323,329],{"_id":312,"publishedAt":313,"slug":314,"sponsored":12,"title":316},"28e560af-f0aa-4d46-bd90-f435ad604aa7","2026-06-26T14:00:27.102Z",{"_type":10,"current":315},"paging-charity-how-can-engineering-leaders-avoid-becoming-bond-villains","Paging Charity! How can engineering leaders avoid becoming Bond villains?",{"_id":318,"publishedAt":319,"slug":320,"sponsored":12,"title":322},"4b22c2a3-3779-4966-93eb-5230391dbdce","2026-06-23T14:08:58.595Z",{"_type":10,"current":321},"your-ai-shipped-a-backend-that-boots-that-is-the-whole-problem","Your AI shipped a backend that boots. That is the whole problem.",{"_id":324,"publishedAt":325,"slug":326,"sponsored":12,"title":328},"5cf362e1-fe7b-45af-b69c-914731c6a052","2026-06-23T14:00:00.000Z",{"_type":10,"current":327},"the-2026-developer-survey-is-now-open-for-human-developers-only","The 2026 Developer Survey is now open (for human developers only)!",{"_id":330,"publishedAt":331,"slug":332,"sponsored":12,"title":334},"30b995f7-7cb9-4dd8-bf71-d0685940a32b","2026-06-19T14:00:00.000Z",{"_type":10,"current":333},"dispatches-from-o-reilly-from-capabilities-to-responsibilities","Dispatches from O'Reilly: From capabilities to responsibilities",{"data":336,"sourceMap":-1},{"count":337,"lastTimestamp":12},0]