[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"sanity-lCywVia-24DCewauiB6Wz-OuBdY1S1oT49FFpXb78Mg":3,"sanity-XNrLcNbVE8J10XUVSxa54niH151jT8Pb9kfgWFqHBNM":279},{"data":4,"sourceMap":-1},{"latestPodcast":5,"latestReleases":14,"post":39,"recent":254},[6],{"_id":7,"publishedAt":8,"slug":9,"sponsored":12,"title":13},"4d0175f4-40a8-47eb-9bb3-a453b326aa7d","2026-07-03T07:40:00.000Z",{"_type":10,"current":11},"slug","the-good-the-bad-and-the-ai-apps",null,"The good, the bad, and the AI apps",[15,21,27,33],{"_id":16,"publishedAt":17,"slug":18,"title":20},"eb5b66eb-9410-4329-83bb-22bbff39402a","2026-04-28T13:00:00.000Z",{"_type":10,"current":19},"turn-scattered-knowledge-into-trusted-intelligence","Turning scattered knowledge into trusted intelligence: Stack Internal 2026.3",{"_id":22,"publishedAt":23,"slug":24,"title":26},"369c2401-b62e-4a37-8ff8-bf603023ecad","2026-03-02T15:03:00.988Z",{"_type":10,"current":25},"what-s-new-at-stack-overflow-march-2026","What’s new at Stack Overflow: March 2026",{"_id":28,"publishedAt":29,"slug":30,"title":32},"5e9053a4-07ea-447c-91ea-29e0b6228537","2026-02-02T15:00:00.000Z",{"_type":10,"current":31},"what-s-new-at-stack-overflow-february-2026","What’s new at Stack Overflow: February 2026",{"_id":34,"publishedAt":35,"slug":36,"title":38},"a1b538eb-a8a6-46d0-80a1-ac70ec9bb935","2026-01-05T10:00:00.000-05:00",{"_type":10,"current":37},"what-s-new-at-stack-overflow-january-2026","What’s new at Stack Overflow: January 2026",{"_createdAt":40,"_id":41,"_rev":42,"_type":43,"_updatedAt":44,"author":45,"body":76,"comments":210,"dateUrl":211,"excerpt":212,"image":213,"legacyBody":216,"product":12,"publishedAt":219,"slug":220,"sponsored":12,"tags":222,"title":253,"visible":210},"2023-05-25T09:39:17Z","wp-post-17589","9HpbCsT2tq0xwozQfkgBTj","blogPost","2023-07-13T14:55:53Z",[46,64],{"_createdAt":47,"_id":48,"_rev":49,"_system":50,"_type":53,"_updatedAt":54,"avatar":55,"employee":60,"name":61,"slug":62},"2023-05-23T16:27:18Z","wp-author-213","nRfzWrvFg3DIXOd15U9uv8",{"base":51},{"id":48,"rev":52},"9xJoPFf2DISyAMMJXP7Ct6","blogAuthor","2025-07-29T19:37:47Z",{"_type":56,"asset":57},"image",{"_ref":58,"_type":59},"image-e81c84dcaeb58be1002795a6544b595bd6fc8071-1024x1024-jpg","reference","former","Ben Popper",{"current":63},"benpopper",{"_createdAt":47,"_id":65,"_rev":66,"_type":53,"_updatedAt":67,"avatar":68,"bio":71,"employee":72,"name":73,"slug":74},"wp-author-cap-17508","07ZbrKPSUrjrV4wQ6fDpaa","2023-06-20T15:05:10Z",{"_type":56,"asset":69},{"_ref":70,"_type":59},"image-8c28cb2ef9d5c7ef909c7685c3808e5c66f17aeb-400x400-jpg","Curriculum Developer, Codecademy","none","Sophie Sommer",{"current":75},"sophie-sommer",[77,100,108,116,120,128,139,150,161,191],{"_key":78,"_type":79,"children":80,"markDefs":95,"style":99},"53502d4bec1a","block",[81,86,91],{"_key":82,"_type":83,"marks":84,"text":85},"53502d4bec1a0","span",[],"Welcome back! In the fifth session of our series with ",{"_key":87,"_type":83,"marks":88,"text":90},"53502d4bec1a1",[89],"8799897fdf29","Codecademy",{"_key":92,"_type":83,"marks":93,"text":94},"53502d4bec1a2",[],", we'll learn about hypothesis tests by simulating a binomial test.",[96],{"_key":89,"_type":97,"href":98,"reference":12},"link","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.codecademy.com\u002F?utm_source=stack_overflow&utm_medium=partners&utm_content=cclive_stats_5","normal",{"_key":101,"_type":79,"children":102,"markDefs":107,"style":99},"6e9643612181",[103],{"_key":104,"_type":83,"marks":105,"text":106},"6e96436121810",[],"Much like in the last session, this lesson relies on simulation. Rather than dig into complex math or over-simplify by using a pre-written function, we'll write our own binomial test function, primarily using base Python. In the process, we'll learn more about how hypothesis testing works and build intuition for how to interpret a p-value.",[],{"_key":109,"_type":79,"children":110,"markDefs":115,"style":99},"9156ff21fd4a",[111],{"_key":112,"_type":83,"marks":113,"text":114},"9156ff21fd4a0",[],"We hope this session provides new insight into the theory behind a null distribution and p-value without requiring any math prerequisites!",[],{"_key":117,"_type":118,"markDefs":12,"url":119},"3ef70011b572","embed","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fembed\u002FN2eCEvQUsk4?start=90",{"_key":121,"_type":79,"children":122,"markDefs":127,"style":99},"8e265c2f4358",[123],{"_key":124,"_type":83,"marks":125,"text":126},"8e265c2f43580",[],"Here are some StackOverflow questions related to the work we did in today's session:",[],{"_key":129,"_type":79,"children":130,"markDefs":136,"style":99},"72e5f615d34f",[131],{"_key":132,"_type":83,"marks":133,"text":135},"72e5f615d34f0",[134],"3a5e42a1b9d0","Using a binomial test in Python vs R",[137],{"_key":134,"_type":97,"href":138,"reference":12},"https:\u002F\u002Fstackoverflow.com\u002Fquestions\u002F44427517\u002Fbinomial-test-in-python-vs-r",{"_key":140,"_type":79,"children":141,"markDefs":147,"style":99},"b6288d24f162",[142],{"_key":143,"_type":83,"marks":144,"text":146},"b6288d24f1620",[145],"f9284120a2cc","Using numpy's random.choice function",[148],{"_key":145,"_type":97,"href":149,"reference":12},"https:\u002F\u002Fstackoverflow.com\u002Fquestions\u002F43664994\u002Fis-there-a-difference-between-the-input-paramaters-of-numpy-random-choice-and-ra",{"_key":151,"_type":79,"children":152,"markDefs":158,"style":99},"e2286f8b8876",[153],{"_key":154,"_type":83,"marks":155,"text":157},"e2286f8b88760",[156],"4fb32f039431","Understanding a p-value",[159],{"_key":156,"_type":97,"href":160,"reference":12},"https:\u002F\u002Fstackoverflow.com\u002Fquestions\u002F28921661\u002Fp-value-significance-level-and-hypothesis",{"_key":162,"_type":79,"children":163,"markDefs":186,"style":99},"1fca14780f5a",[164,168,173,177,182],{"_key":165,"_type":83,"marks":166,"text":167},"1fca14780f5a0",[],"If you enjoyed this lesson, you can catch up on the ",{"_key":169,"_type":83,"marks":170,"text":172},"1fca14780f5a1",[171],"b1b8ba611161","rest of the series",{"_key":174,"_type":83,"marks":175,"text":176},"1fca14780f5a2",[]," on YouTube. If you’d like to watch a session live, follow the ",{"_key":178,"_type":83,"marks":179,"text":181},"1fca14780f5a3",[180],"6ca603c3c539","Codecademy YouTube channel",{"_key":183,"_type":83,"marks":184,"text":185},"1fca14780f5a4",[]," - Codecademy has a new 8 part series on Creative Coding starting March 9th.",[187,189],{"_key":171,"_type":97,"href":188,"reference":12},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fplaylist?list=PLFzsFUO-y0HDWkdsBMtufEThI2I3c9WlZ",{"_key":180,"_type":97,"href":190,"reference":12},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fc\u002Fcodecademy\u002Ffeatured",{"_key":192,"_type":79,"children":193,"markDefs":207,"style":99},"47ba434064ca",[194,198,203],{"_key":195,"_type":83,"marks":196,"text":197},"47ba434064ca0",[],"Finally, if you want even more stats content, you can sign up for the ",{"_key":199,"_type":83,"marks":200,"text":202},"47ba434064ca1",[201],"ab84315a0218","Master Statistics with Python",{"_key":204,"_type":83,"marks":205,"text":206},"47ba434064ca2",[]," interactive course this series was based on. This course was developed by Sophie and has many more quizzes, projects, and helpful nuggets that we can’t fit into our streams!",[208],{"_key":201,"_type":97,"href":209,"reference":12},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.codecademy.com\u002Flearn\u002Fpaths\u002Fmaster-statistics-with-python?utm_source=stack_overflow&utm_medium=partners&utm_content=cclive_stats_5",true,"2021\u002F03\u002F09","Rather than dig into complex math or over-simplify by using a pre-written function, we'll write our own binomial test function, primarily using base Python. In the process, we'll learn more about how hypothesis testing works and build intuition for how to interpret a p-value.",{"_type":56,"asset":214},{"_ref":215,"_type":59},"image-4d8af6a9767147ff555c34f5a724ad75556621cf-4166x1750-png",{"code":217,"language":218},"\u003C!-- wp:paragraph -->\n\u003Cp>Welcome back! In the fifth session of our series with \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.codecademy.com\u002F?utm_source=stack_overflow&utm_medium=partners&utm_content=cclive_stats_5\">Codecademy\u003C\u002Fa>, we'll learn about hypothesis tests by simulating a binomial test.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C!-- \u002Fwp:paragraph -->\n\n\u003C!-- wp:paragraph -->\n\u003Cp>Much like in the last session, this lesson relies on simulation. Rather than dig into complex math or over-simplify by using a pre-written function, we'll write our own binomial test function, primarily using base Python. In the process, we'll learn more about how hypothesis testing works and build intuition for how to interpret a p-value.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C!-- \u002Fwp:paragraph -->\n\n\u003C!-- wp:paragraph -->\n\u003Cp>We hope this session provides new insight into the theory behind a null distribution and p-value without requiring any math prerequisites! \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C!-- \u002Fwp:paragraph -->\n\n\u003C!-- wp:html -->\n\u003Ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fembed\u002FN2eCEvQUsk4?start=90\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\">\u003C\u002Fiframe>\n\u003C!-- \u002Fwp:html -->\n\n\u003C!-- wp:paragraph -->\n\u003Cp>Here are some StackOverflow questions related to the work we did in today's session:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C!-- \u002Fwp:paragraph -->\n\n\u003C!-- wp:paragraph -->\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fstackoverflow.com\u002Fquestions\u002F44427517\u002Fbinomial-test-in-python-vs-r\">Using a binomial test in Python vs R\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C!-- \u002Fwp:paragraph -->\n\n\u003C!-- wp:paragraph -->\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fstackoverflow.com\u002Fquestions\u002F43664994\u002Fis-there-a-difference-between-the-input-paramaters-of-numpy-random-choice-and-ra\">Using numpy's random.choice function\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C!-- \u002Fwp:paragraph -->\n\n\u003C!-- wp:paragraph -->\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fstackoverflow.com\u002Fquestions\u002F28921661\u002Fp-value-significance-level-and-hypothesis\">Understanding a p-value\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C!-- \u002Fwp:paragraph -->\n\n\u003C!-- wp:paragraph -->\n\u003Cp>If you enjoyed this lesson, you can catch up on the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fplaylist?list=PLFzsFUO-y0HDWkdsBMtufEThI2I3c9WlZ\">rest of the series\u003C\u002Fa> on YouTube. If you’d like to watch a session live, follow the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fc\u002Fcodecademy\u002Ffeatured\">Codecademy YouTube channel\u003C\u002Fa> - Codecademy has a new 8 part series on Creative Coding starting March 9th.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C!-- \u002Fwp:paragraph -->\n\n\u003C!-- wp:paragraph -->\n\u003Cp>Finally, if you want even more stats content, you can sign up for the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.codecademy.com\u002Flearn\u002Fpaths\u002Fmaster-statistics-with-python?utm_source=stack_overflow&utm_medium=partners&utm_content=cclive_stats_5\">Master Statistics with Python\u003C\u002Fa> interactive course this series was based on. This course was developed by Sophie and has many more quizzes, projects, and helpful nuggets that we can’t fit into our streams!\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C!-- \u002Fwp:paragraph -->","html","2021-03-09T20:31:41.000Z",{"current":221},"level-up-mastering-statistics-with-python-part-5",[223,231,235,240,245,249],{"_createdAt":224,"_id":225,"_rev":226,"_type":227,"_updatedAt":224,"slug":228,"title":230},"2023-05-23T16:43:21Z","wp-tagcat-code-for-a-living","9HpbCsT2tq0xwozQfkc4ih","blogTag",{"current":229},"code-for-a-living","Code for a Living",{"_createdAt":224,"_id":232,"_rev":226,"_type":227,"_updatedAt":224,"slug":233,"title":234},"wp-tagcat-codecademy",{"current":234},"codecademy",{"_createdAt":224,"_id":236,"_rev":226,"_type":227,"_updatedAt":224,"slug":237,"title":239},"wp-tagcat-data-science",{"current":238},"data-science","data science",{"_createdAt":224,"_id":241,"_rev":226,"_type":227,"_updatedAt":224,"slug":242,"title":244},"wp-tagcat-level-up",{"current":243},"level-up","level up",{"_createdAt":224,"_id":246,"_rev":226,"_type":227,"_updatedAt":224,"slug":247,"title":248},"wp-tagcat-python",{"current":248},"python",{"_createdAt":224,"_id":250,"_rev":226,"_type":227,"_updatedAt":224,"slug":251,"title":252},"wp-tagcat-statistics",{"current":252},"statistics","Level Up: Mastering statistics with Python - part 5",[255,261,267,273],{"_id":256,"publishedAt":257,"slug":258,"sponsored":12,"title":260},"28e560af-f0aa-4d46-bd90-f435ad604aa7","2026-06-26T14:00:27.102Z",{"_type":10,"current":259},"paging-charity-how-can-engineering-leaders-avoid-becoming-bond-villains","Paging Charity! How can engineering leaders avoid becoming Bond villains?",{"_id":262,"publishedAt":263,"slug":264,"sponsored":12,"title":266},"4b22c2a3-3779-4966-93eb-5230391dbdce","2026-06-23T14:08:58.595Z",{"_type":10,"current":265},"your-ai-shipped-a-backend-that-boots-that-is-the-whole-problem","Your AI shipped a backend that boots. That is the whole problem.",{"_id":268,"publishedAt":269,"slug":270,"sponsored":12,"title":272},"5cf362e1-fe7b-45af-b69c-914731c6a052","2026-06-23T14:00:00.000Z",{"_type":10,"current":271},"the-2026-developer-survey-is-now-open-for-human-developers-only","The 2026 Developer Survey is now open (for human developers only)!",{"_id":274,"publishedAt":275,"slug":276,"sponsored":12,"title":278},"30b995f7-7cb9-4dd8-bf71-d0685940a32b","2026-06-19T14:00:00.000Z",{"_type":10,"current":277},"dispatches-from-o-reilly-from-capabilities-to-responsibilities","Dispatches from O'Reilly: From capabilities to responsibilities",{"data":280,"sourceMap":-1},{"count":281,"lastTimestamp":12},0]